Indian prime minister Narendra Modi’s ruling alliance is likely to win a big majority in parliament after a mammoth general election that ended on Sunday, most exit polls showed, a far better showing than expected in recent weeks.
Modi faced criticism early on in the campaign for failing to create jobs and for weak farm prices, and analysts as well as politicians said the election race was tightening, with the main opposition Congress party gaining ground. But he rallied his Hindu nationalist base and turned the campaign into a fight for national security after tensions rose with Pakistan and attacked his main rival for being soft on the country's arch foe.
Modi's National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is projected to win 339-365 seats in the 545-member lower house of parliament, followed by 77 to 108 for the Congress party-led opposition alliance, India Today Axis exit poll showed. To rule, a party needs to win 272 seats.
Counting of votes recorded in hundreds of thousands of computerised machines will begin early on Thursday, and results are expected by noon. According to another poll released by Times Now television, Modi’s alliance is likely to get 306 seats. A poll by Neta Newsx, though, forecast Modi’s group falling 30 seats short.
However, exit polls have a mixed record in a country with an electorate of 900 million people, about two-thirds of whom voted in the seven-phase election. Although polls have often got the number of seats wrong, analysts say the broad direction has generally been correct. With three out of four of the polls indicating a clear majority for Modi’s alliance, Indian equity markets are expected to rally sharply on Monday, while the Indian rupee is also likely to strengthen versus the US dollar, according to market participants. A clear win would mean Modi can carry out reforms investors expect.
Stoking fear
Critics say Modi sought to win votes by stoking fear among the Hindu majority of the potential dangers posed by the country’s Muslims and Pakistan, and promoted a Hindu-first India. But his supporters say Modi and his allies are simply restoring Hinduism to its rightful place at the core of Indian society. Muslims make up about 14 percent of India’s 1.3 billion population.
"The massive crowds and response at every rally of prime minister Modi were a clear indicator of their approval for his leadership, the performance of the past five years and the vision for the future," said Nalin Kohli, a spokesman of the ruling Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party.
The Congress party, led by Rahul Gandhi, the fourth-generation scion of the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty that ruled India for decades following independence, focused on Modi's failure to deliver on the promises he made to transform the economy and turn India into a manufacturing hub. Congress spokesman Sanjay Jha dismissed the poll projections, saying that an alliance led by his party would defeat the BJP when votes are counted on May 23rd.
“Many of the pollsters, if not all of the pollsters, have got it wrong,” he said, adding that a polarised atmosphere and fear had kept voters from telling pollsters their actual allegiance.
Mamata Banerjee, the chief minister of West Bengal state and a bitter opponent of Modi, said the fight was not over. “I don’t trust exit poll gossip,” she said on Twitter. “I appeal to all opposition parties to be united, strong and bold. We will fight this battle together.”
Voting began on April 11th and ended on Sunday in the world's biggest democratic exercise. Although Modi's party is poised to lose seats in northern Uttar Pradesh, which elects the most lawmakers out of all Indian states, the party's return to power will be on the back of a strong showing in other northern heartland regions and two eastern provinces, CVoter's polling showed. – Reuters