Myanmar government leader Aung San Suu Kyi said on Tuesday her relationship with the military – which held her under house arrest for nearly 15 years – was "not that bad" and that the generals in her cabinet were "rather sweet".
However, Ms Suu Kyi, who has been criticised for failing to speak out against an army crackdown on Rohingya Muslims in Rakhine State that the United Nations has called "ethnic cleansing", said she hoped constitutional change would eventually curb the military's influence.
"Our relationship with the army is not that bad," said the Nobel peace prize laureate at an event in Singapore in response to a question about whether she feared another military coup.
“Don’t forget that we have three members of the cabinet who are in fact military men, generals, and they’re all rather sweet.”
The military ruled Myanmar for nearly 50 years after seizing power in a 1962 coup.
The generals have initiated reforms, beginning in late 2010 with Ms Suu Kyi’s release from house arrest. And they have largely stepped back from the day-to-day running of the country, handing over to Ms Suu Kyi’s government after her party swept a 2015 election.
Democratic deficit
But the military retains considerable powers under a 2008 constitution and Ms Suu Kyi, barred under that constitution from becoming president, said the transition to democracy was “still incomplete”.
Ms Suu Kyi did not mention by name the Rohingya Muslims, more than 700,000 of whom have fled from the north of Rakhine State into Bangladesh since an army crackdown that began a year ago after attacks on security posts by Rohingya insurgents.
The August 25th attacks were launched by the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army. Myanmar says this is a terrorist group and Ms Suu Kyi said terrorism remained a threat, which could have “grave consequences” for the wider region.
“The danger of terrorist activities, which was the initial cause of events leading to the humanitarian crisis in Rakhine remains real and present today,” she said.
“Unless this security challenge is addressed the risk of inter-communal violence will remain. It is a threat that could have grave consequences, not just for Myanmar but also for other countries in our region and beyond.”
Myanmar has rejected accusations of ethnic cleansing and dismissed most accounts from refugees of atrocities, instead blaming Rohingya “terrorists”.
Buddhist-majority Myanmar and Bangladesh reached an agreement late last year on the repatriation of Rohingya, most of whom are stateless and subjected to restrictions in Myanmar.
Ms Suu Kyi said spaces have been mapped out for the resettlement of people who fled. She also stressed the difficulties that other small ethnic and religious groups living in Rakhine State face.
“There are not just the Muslims in Rakhine, like most people think. There’s Hindus there, there are . . . small ethnic groups and I would like you to take interest in these small ethnic groups because some of them are disappearing very quickly,” she said.
“They live in their own traditional ways, they’re very peaceful . . . we must do everything we can to help them to preserve their culture, their traditions and to help them prosper.”
‘Effective access’
On plans for Rohingya refugees to return to Myanmar, she said it was difficult to set a time frame, suggesting the onus was on Bangladesh to get the process started.
“The returnees have to be sent back by Bangladesh. We can only welcome them at the border,” she said. “I think Bangladesh would also have to decide how quickly it wants the process to be completed.”
On Tuesday the United Nations said it is still awaiting “effective access” to Rakhine state.
Requests for authorisations for staff to visit the conflict area have been beset by delays and authorities have offered access to a limited area, said Knut Ostby, UN resident and humanitarian co-ordinator in Myanmar. – Reuters