South Sudan has rejected rebel calls for an immediate release of detainees after the two sides met briefly for the first time yesterday seeking to end fighting that has left the world's newest state on the brink of civil war.
"They are destroying the whole process," Yohanis Musa Pauk, spokesman for the rebel delegation loyal to former vice-president Riek Machar, said in Addis Ababa, where the talks are being held.
“But we will not leave [the talks]. We still have hope that they will come to their senses,” he said after the government refused a key rebel demand for the release of 11 detained politicians allied to Mr Machar.
Meetings in neighbouring Ethiopia are aimed at brokering a ceasefire to halt three weeks of violence that has killed at least 1,000 people and driven 200,000 from their homes.
The fighting, often along ethnic faultlines, has pitted President Salva Kiir’s SPLA government forces against the rebels loyal to Mr Machar.
The talks opened yesterday but quickly took a break for consultations in Juba about the fate of the 11 detainees, arrested last year over an alleged coup plot. The rebels had initially demanded their release before the negotiations.
South Sudan’s government chief negotiator, Nhial Deng Nhial, told a press conference in Juba that Mr Kiir made it clear to a visiting team of east African envoys that the detainees would not be released immediately.
Mr Kiir had told the visitors he would be happy to set the detainees free as long as the requisite legal processes had taken place, Mr Nhial said, without elaborating.
Juba has maintained that the detainees will be investigated and those found culpable will face the due process of the law.
A diplomat close to the talks said the envoys were from the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), a regional grouping of east African nations that initiated the talks.
The trio of envoys is led by Seyoum Mesfin, a former Ethiopian foreign minister, the diplomat said.
Haggling
Yesterday's brief meeting between government and rebel delegations in Addis Ababa was the first face-to-face session, after a formal opening ceremony on Saturday, due to delays caused by haggling over the detainees.
The talks were due to resume when the IGAD envoys returned to Addis, which is expected to be today, as they would spend the night in Juba.
The fighting is the worst in South Sudan since it won independence from Sudan in 2011 in a peace deal that ended one of Africa’s longest civil wars. The slow pace of the peace talks has unnerved foreign powers, who worry that South Sudan could spiral into full-blown civil war.
Alexander Rondos, EU special representative for the Horn of Africa, said in Brussels that the humanitarian situation was extremely bad because there was very little access to the people who are now vulnerable. The fighting had also prevented humanitarian workers moving in to offer help.
“The international community is ready to move, the neighbours are ready to help, but they have got to come to an arrangement real fast on the ceasefire,” Mr Rondos said.
China, the biggest investor in South Sudan’s oil industry, called on Monday for an immediate ceasefire. Beijing is concerned by the unrest that had forced the government to cut oil production by about a fifth.
Joint force
Sudan, which also has an economic interest in its southern neighbour's oil output, backed away yesterday from comments that South Sudan had requested talks on the deployment of a joint force to protect its oil-producing regions.
The comments had come after talks in Juba on Monday between Sudan’s president, Omar Hassan al-Bashir, and Mr Kiir.
Sudanese foreign minister Ali Karti said after Mr Bashir's return to Khartoum on Monday that the two neighbours had discussed "the deployment of joint forces to secure oil areas in South Sudan". Juba had proposed the idea, he said.
But the foreign ministry in Khartoum issued a statement yesterday denying media reports that the matter had been discussed.
The prospect of security cooperation between the two countries would represent an improvement in ties, after the civil war foes came close to conflict again in disputes over oil fees and the border in the early part of 2012.
South Sudan’s oil production fell by 45,000 barrels per day (bpd) to 200,000bpd after oilfields in its northern Unity state were shut down due to fighting.
Oil major BP estimates that South Sudan holds sub-Saharan Africa’s third-largest reserves. –(Reuters)