From humble beginnings in 1995, Dublin Fringe Festival has been embraced by the mainstream, crossing over with its big sister, the theatre festival, but always providing a platform to take risks
THEATRE DIRECTOR Jimmy Fay was in his early 20s when he set plans for the first Dublin Fringe Festival in motion. It was 1995, and his theatre company, Bedrock Productions, had been stirring up the contemporary theatre scene with productions of challenging international work by writers such as Caryl Churchill and Sarah Kane.
“There were a lot of young companies emerging at the time,” he says, “but there wasn’t really any formal infrastructure for us to latch on to. At the time, the Dublin Theatre Festival concentrated on international rather than local work, but there was a load of work going on that was sort of invisible and I thought it was a pity that there wasn’t any similar event [that would] showcase it.”
When Bedrock’s proposal that year for a new production at the Dublin Theatre Festival was rejected, Fay approached the assistant director at the festival, Fergus Linehan, with an idea for creating a fringe event to run alongside the main festival.
“We thought maybe we’d get three or four companies together,” he says, “but there was unbelievable interest.”
Although fringe festivals are traditionally defined by their open submissions policy, for Fay “it was really important that the festival would be curated. If it was a free-for-all, the work might not be good, and it had to be good, because otherwise what would we be showing people? In the end we programmed about 80 events over three weeks, and we decided that we would be separate from the main festival, although they gave us about £800 of the £3,000 pounds [we raised]. We opened a week before them, so we would not be competing for press attention, and the reaction was great. We showed people that things didn’t need to be foreign to be new and exciting.”
That first fringe festival showcased a new production from Bedrock, but also new work by Annie Ryan, Conor McPherson and Pan Pan Theatre. These were theatre artists that would become some of the most influential of their generation, whose success is now such that their work regularly headlines the Dublin Theatre Festival. Over the past few years, artists who first began to experiment at the fringe have become increasingly prolific at the Dublin Theatre Festival, while productions that premiered at the fringe regularly find new life and international attention as part of the Reviewed season established by former artistic director of the Dublin Theatre Festival, Loughlin Deegan.
Fay would never have imagined this aesthetic and programming crossover in the fringe’s first few years of existence, he says, when the festival was “about punk-rock, chaos, anarchy; about everything we felt the [Dublin Theatre Festival] was not.
“It was easy to be oppositional to the main festival,” he says. “They wore suits; we didn’t. They were corporate [sponsored by Irish Life]; we produced work on a shoestring.” However, if the increasing overlap of the two festival’s curatorial impetus suggests a dilution of difference – or, as Fay puts it, “a sense of a five-week theatre festival under two different banners” – there remains an unrivalled experimental energy about the Dublin Fringe Festival, with its breadth of work, venues and innovative theatrical forms.
Róise Goan, current director of the Dublin Fringe Festival, says the identities of the two festivals remain distinct, despite the increased stylistic similarity and cooperation between them. “It is true that in its early days the fringe was antagonistic to the mainstream,” she says, “but the mainstream in Ireland has changed. Some of that is to do with the types of opportunities that something like the fringe now offers, because it is not about being ‘counter’ all the time any more – although at times that opposition still has its place. It is about being ahead of the curve, identifying trends and artists and new modes of production before they have been heard of in [a more mainstream theatre context].”
The fact that artists from the fringe have been picked up by the Dublin Theatre Festival, she says, “is a sign of the quality that the fringe has yielded and confirmation that the audience for this this new type of work is flourishing. We are not just a platform for showing new work any more. We offer year-round support and workshops to emerging artists, and the work we end up showing at the fringe is better [for that fact], more likely to be a success.”
Annie Ryan, director of Corn Exchange Theatre Company, is in a good position to elaborate. Ryan’s first production debuted at the first fringe, and she remembers the exciting new context it provided for younger artists, who previously had no network to tap into.
“In those days Irish theatre was much more divisive,” she says. “There had been a lot of avant garde work going on through the 1980s, but in the 1990s there was a much bigger divide between what was happening in ‘legitimate’ funded theatre like the Abbey and Gate and a new generation making work underground that had no platform. So the fringe was a welcome [invitation] to think outside the box and move away from the literary tradition. It was only natural that what we were doing started seeping in to some of the more established institutions; basically, everyone grew up.”
Corn Exchange continues to move between the festivals in their presentation of new work. The company’s last production, Man of Valour, debuted at last year’s fringe, while its new production, Dubliners, will premiere at Dublin Theatre Festival this October. If the obvious difference between their offerings at either festival appears to be one of scale, Ryan says this is too simplistic a diagnosis.
“Man of Valour was a one-man show, yes, but we had the same level of money to invest as a company as we do with Dubliners, and it was quite a big budget for a one-man show.” With Dubliners, which has a cast of 10, the company has “considerable investment from the Dublin Theatre Festival, who are in a position to split the risk with us, but we are also using a classic text”, which provides a certain amount of security in their audience demographic.
One of the main differences between the festivals remains the level of risk the curators are able to take with their presentation of new work. Apart from international work – and the Dublin Fringe Festival offers less and less of this in recent years – nearly every production at the fringe is untested until its first performance, so both the artists and the audience are never sure what to expect.
“For us the main difference between performing at either festival is the level of risk we are willing to take with the form and attracting the kind of audience that would be willing to go there with us. By its nature, the Dublin Theatre Festival offers less room for failure, but it also offers more room for success: it gives you international access you don’t get with the fringe, because buyers from international festivals will fly in to see you, knowing the work will be of a certain standard.” Ultimately, she says, “any crossover between the two festivals is great for artists, because it means that there are two platforms available to them, and that can only be a positive thing.”
Willie White, artistic director of Dublin Theatre Festival, sees it positively, too. While there is “some overlap, the festivals still have distinctive energies that are particular to them,” he says. “but the remarkable thing is that even in a small town like Dublin, even in a six-week period, when we bring something from the fringe to the Dublin Theatre Festival it attracts a whole new audience.”
Fay agrees: “It is only right that brilliant things in fringe get embraced by the mainstream. And that those whose ideas fall out of favour with the establishment go back to the fringe. You don’t just grow out of the fringe. It’s not a university you graduate from to get a real job in a theatre festival. It is a place you can go back to to take risks that you might not be able to elsewhere.”
An experimental home where there is room for failure, yes, but also for unexpected triumphs.
The Absolut Dublin Fringe Festival runs until September23rd; fringefest.com
Just In Time
Introducing the Playground strand at this year’s festival, Just In Time takes you on a treasure hunt through the city. Using cutting edge technology, this unique live video-game experience is offered by Mairead Ní Chronin. (You will need an iPhone or Android phone and headphones to participate.) Next Wednesday to Saturday; meet at Absolut Fringe Festival box office
Dogs
A new dance piece from Emma Martin, whose Listowel Syndrome unsettled audiences last year, Dogs throws social civility aside to embrace baser human instincts. Featuring six dancers and a live score, Irish contemporary dance has never looked so promising. Next Wednesday to Saturday, Project Arts Centre
Elevator
Fringe veterans Thisispopbaby bring a new play, Elevator, by Phillip McMahon to the Upstairs Space at Project Arts Centre. Directed by Wayne Jordan, it is a parable about the aftermath of a party that promises to speak to the hangover of Celtic Tiger Ireland, as well as the universal truths of excess and consumption. From Saturday until September 22nd, Project Arts Centre
Walking, We Ask Questions
This two-part presentation unfolds over seven hours, and an evening discussion. Investigating the relationship between public and private spaces, it is an opportunity to participate in a unique piece of social choreography. As an incentive to get involved, the event is free. Sunday; meet at Meetinghouse Square at noon
White Rabbit, Red Rabbit
This Iranian play about cultural isolation requires no director, no set and a different actor for each performance who will see the script only as it is performed. So you will never know what you are going to get. Next Tuesday until September 22nd
Flatpack
Featuring eight singers and instrumentalists, a series of household tools and make-it-yourself plywood furniture, music by Tim Lane and a libretto culled from Ikea catalogues, Flatpack speaks the international language of Swedish furniture design and has been heralded already in London and Berlin. Sunday to Saturday, CHQ Building, IFSC
'Ask other people what they've seen and loved'
Albie Philbin Bowman
Comedian and broadcaster
Your best fringe memory? Last year, the Absolut Fringe organised a two-day workshop for a lot of the solo performers. As someone who mostly writes and performs on my own, it was brilliant to learn about other people's experiences, and it created a real spirit of camaraderie. A few months later, at the closing party, I was complimenting Brian Fleming on his brilliant debut show. He told me that something I'd said in the workshop about the importance of picking a catchy title convinced him to call his show Gis a Shot of Your Bongos, Mister. That made my Fringe.
Your worst fringe memory? When Arthur's Day and Culture Night happened back-to-back during the fringe. Numbers were going well, and then they come in and there are millions of free things on, no one wants to turn up and the momentum is gone. It's a kick in the teeth.
If you had to pick one fringe event to go to this year, what would it be (apart from your own, obviously)? I'm a big fan of Dead Cat Bounce, and this year we're sharing a theatre space in Smock Alley, so I'll definitely be sticking around after my show to watch Clowns. Four years ago, they performed the funniest, best-written live sketch show I've ever seen.
Your best advice for a fringe punter? Talk to strangers. When you're queuing to get tickets or waiting for a show to start, ask other people what they've seen and what they loved. I know no better way of separating the inspiring from the indulgent. If they do recommend a show, just make sure to ask one vital question: "Are you in it?"
Abie Philbin Bowman's The Revolution Will Be Televised ReTweeted & Available on 40d runs at Smock Alley Theatre from September 18th-22nd
'Step outside of your comfort zone and stay there for a while'
Sorcha Kenny
Actor and writer
Your best fringe memory? Songs that Scare Children in the Spiegeltent back in 2008
Your worst fringe memory? More of a regret really: not standing up to Robbie O'Connor in that booth in World's End Lane, in 2010
If you had to pick one fringe event to go to this year, what would it be (apart from your own, obviously)? A Blinding Glimpse of the Obvious by Fiona Sheil
Your best advice for a fringe punter? Step outside of your comfort zone and stay there for a while.
Walking We Ask Questions, a seven-hour walk through Dublin, takes place on Sunday at midday, from Meeting House Square
'Sit up the front'
Leonie McDonagh
Artistic director Ponydance
Your best fringe memory? I have a few, but my best one is probably packing people onto the stairwell of Panti Bar to see our show in 2009. It was a great feeling to have such a buzz about our show.
Your worst fringe memory? Ringing my grandmother up to borrow €1,000 to pay for our rent the same year. Does that count as a fringe memory?
If you had to pick one fringe event to go to this year, what would it be (apart from your own, obviously)? That's a tough one, but I'm going to say Farm by WillFredd Theatre. Us ponies are in love with the WillFredd Theatre pony, Ralph.
Your best advice for a fringe punter? Sit up the front. It's always better up the front.
Ponydance's Straight To DVD is at Smock Alley Theatre, next Monday to Saturday
